Sunday, January 25, 2026

Why Engineers Choose RTDs for Precision Temperature Measurement

RTDs for Precision Temperature Measurement

Resistance temperature detectors, commonly called RTDs, are among the most trusted sensors for accurate and repeatable temperature measurement in industrial, commercial, and scientific applications. Engineers and technicians rely on RTDs because they deliver stable readings over long periods, perform well across their operating range, and respond predictably to real-world process conditions.

An RTD works by taking advantage of a simple physical principle: the electrical resistance of certain metals changes in a repeatable way as temperature changes. Most RTDs use platinum as the sensing element because it offers excellent chemical stability and a nearly linear resistance-to-temperature relationship. As temperature rises, the platinum's electrical resistance increases; as temperature falls, resistance decreases. Measurement electronics monitor this resistance change and convert it into an accurate temperature reading.

The basic design of an RTD centers on the sensing element, which is either a fine platinum wire wound around a ceramic or glass core, or a thin platinum film deposited on a flat substrate. Wire-wound RTDs tend to offer the highest accuracy and long-term stability, while thin-film RTDs provide faster response times and greater mechanical robustness. The element connects to lead wires, which carry the resistance signal back to the transmitter or control system. To protect the element from moisture, vibration, and corrosive environments, manufacturers typically encase RTDs in metal sheaths made from stainless steel or other specialized alloys.

RTDs are commonly configured in two-wire, three-wire, or four-wire designs, depending on how much measurement accuracy the application demands. In simpler setups, lead wire resistance can influence the reading, especially over long cable runs. More advanced configurations compensate for that resistance, ensuring the temperature reading reflects the sensor element itself rather than the wiring. This flexibility makes RTDs suitable for everything from short laboratory connections to long-distance industrial installations.

Standard platinum RTDs are available in multiple accuracy classes, with Class B offering ±(0.3°C + 0.005|t|), Class A offering ±(0.15°C + 0.002|t|), and higher precision versions such as 1/10 DIN providing even tighter tolerances. This level of accuracy, combined with excellent long-term stability, makes RTDs particularly valuable in applications where precision matters more than extreme temperature range. While typical RTDs operate from -200°C to 850°C depending on construction, they often outperform thermocouples in low- to mid-temperature applications, especially when tight control and minimal drift are critical.

Process industries such as chemical processing, food and beverage production, pharmaceuticals, power generation, and water treatment all use RTDs to maintain consistent product quality and system performance. Engineers widely specify RTDs because their behavior is easy to explain, easy to model, and easy to trust. When accuracy, stability, and predictable performance define the application, RTDs remain a practical and proven choice for temperature measurement.

Tuesday, December 16, 2025

Monday, November 17, 2025

ICS Acquisition Positions Duro-Sense for Accelerated Innovation and Growth

ICS Acquisition Positions Duro-Sense for Accelerated Innovation and Growth

Industrial Control Solutions (ICS) has acquired Duro-Sense Corporation, combining Duro-Sense's four decades of precision temperature-sensor expertise with ICS's broad portfolio of sensing and control technologies. This creates a stronger organization capable of delivering more integrated solutions.

Duro-Sense customers will continue to receive the same high-quality thermocouples and RTDs they've trusted for over forty years, while gaining access to significantly expanded resources. Duro-Sense now joins ICS's family of instrumentation brands—including Thomas Products, Whitman Controls, and Load Controls—giving customers convenient access to temperature, pressure, level, flow, and power-monitoring products from a single supplier. This simplifies procurement, reduces administrative burden, and supports more efficient project planning.

Financial backing from LDR Partners LP provides growth capital for continued innovation in temperature measurement technology, offering long-term stability to customers in demanding industries such as aerospace, industrial processing, and energy. Manufacturing partners and suppliers benefit from ICS's established supply chain relationships and purchasing power, with potential opportunities extending beyond traditional temperature sensor applications.

The Carson, California, facility continues to operate with the same experienced engineering and manufacturing teams, maintaining existing customer relationships and service processes. Over time, customers will have access to ICS's broader technical resources, striking a balance between continuity and enhanced capability.

This integration particularly benefits industries where Duro-Sense excels, such as aerospace companies requiring extreme-precision measurements, complex industrial processes, and power-generation facilities. CEO Matt Powers emphasized the strategic value of pairing Duro-Sense's specialized expertise with ICS's broader product lines, enabling multidisciplinary teams to optimize entire control systems.

With ICS's financial and technical backing, Duro-Sense can accelerate the development of new products and advance next-generation sensing solutions. As industrial systems become increasingly integrated and data-driven, having a supplier offering multiple sensing technologies with unified engineering support and long-term stability becomes increasingly valuable. The acquisition represents a strategic investment that affirms the importance of precision temperature measurement, while also adding new capabilities and opportunities for innovation.

Friday, October 24, 2025

Industrial Control Solutions Acquires Duro-Sense Corporation, Expanding Leadership in Precision Temperature Measurement

Industrial Control Solutions Acquires Duro-Sense Corporation

Industrial Control Solutions (ICS), a leading provider of engineered sensing and control products, is proud to announce the acquisition of Duro-Sense Corporation, a premier manufacturer of high-quality temperature sensors based in Carson, California.

Matt Powers, CEO of Industrial Control Solutions, commented:
“We are incredibly excited to welcome Duro-Sense to the ICS family. Supported by our partners at LDR Partners LP, this strategic acquisition adds world-class thermocouple and RTD manufacturing capabilities to our growing portfolio of industrial sensing technologies.”

For more than four decades, Duro-Sense has been recognized for precision-engineered temperature measurement solutions serving the industrial, aerospace, power generation, and process industries. The company’s expertise in designing and manufacturing custom thermocouples, RTDs, and temperature sensor assemblies strengthens ICS’s commitment to providing mission-critical instrumentation for demanding applications.

With this acquisition, Industrial Control Solutions now offers an expanded range of temperature, pressure, level, flow, and power sensing products—positioning ICS as a true one-stop partner for integrated control and monitoring systems. The Duro-Sense brand joins a respected group that includes Thomas Products LLC, Whitman Controls, and Load Controls.
“By integrating Duro-Sense’s temperature expertise with our trusted product lines,” Powers added, “we’re enhancing our ability to deliver comprehensive and reliable control solutions that help our customers achieve higher performance, safety, and efficiency.”

Industrial Control Solutions looks forward to accelerating innovation and growth through this partnership, continuing to serve customers with the highest standards of quality, responsiveness, and engineering excellence.

About Industrial Control Solutions
Based in Bristol, Connecticut, Industrial Control Solutions (ICS) delivers innovative sensing and control products for industrial automation, aerospace, and power generation markets. Backed by LDR Partners LP, ICS unites a family of leading instrumentation brands including Thomas Products, Whitman Controls, Load Controls, and now Duro-Sense.

About Duro-Sense Corporation
Founded in Carson, California, Duro-Sense Corporation specializes in the design and manufacture of precision temperature sensors, including thermocouples and RTDs, for critical industrial and OEM applications. With a reputation for quality and engineering expertise, Duro-Sense serves customers across North America and internationally.

Thursday, September 4, 2025

Key Principles to Accuracy in Temperature Measurement

Accurate temperature measurement is critical across industries, and thermocouples remain the most widely used sensors for this purpose. Their accuracy depends not just on their inherent design, but on how they are selected, manufactured, installed, and maintained. Thermocouples come in two tolerance classes—Standard Limits of Error and Special Limits of Error—with the latter offering tighter accuracy for applications where precision is essential. ASTM E230 is the governing standard in the United States, and examples show how even small differences in tolerance can translate into several degrees of accuracy at high operating temperatures.

Different thermocouple types (K, J, T, E, N, S, R, B, and C) serve different needs. Base metal types like K, J, T, and E are common for general applications, while noble and exotic metal types such as S, R, B, and C are used for very high-temperature or specialized environments. Each has its own strengths, weaknesses, and atmospheric requirements, making proper selection a critical first step toward reliable measurement.

Beyond selection, accuracy is shaped by immersion depth, response time, cold junction compensation, and protection against interference or “noise.” Errors can also arise from poor manufacturing, material degradation, oxidation, or contamination. Best practices include using quality materials, ensuring correct installation, shielding against electrical interference, and performing regular calibration. Importantly, calibration does not “fix” a sensor but reveals its error, allowing process instruments to adjust accordingly.

In short, precision temperature measurement is achievable with the right thermocouple, properly specified tolerances, careful installation, and ongoing calibration. By following these principles, companies can ensure repeatability, stability, and credibility in their processes—turning what may seem like a simple sensor into a critical component of process accuracy and reliability.

Duro-Sense Corporation
Address: 869 Sandhill Avenue Carson, California 90746
Phone: (310) 533-6877
Fax: (310) 533-0330
E-mail: sales@duro-sense.com

Tuesday, August 26, 2025

Understanding the Seebeck Effect and Its Role in Thermocouple Technology

Understanding the Seebeck Effect

The Seebeck Effect describes the direct conversion of heat into electricity through the interaction of two different conductive materials. In 1821, German physicist Thomas Johann Seebeck discovered that when he joined two dissimilar metals at two junctions and exposed the junctions to various temperatures, an electric current flowed through the circuit. This discovery formed the foundation of thermoelectric science and remains at the heart of modern thermocouple technology.

When two metals touch, the energy levels of their electrons differ; heating one junction excites the electrons in that region, causing them to migrate toward the cooler side. This electron movement produces a measurable voltage, often referred to as the thermoelectric voltage or electromotive force (EMF). The size of this voltage depends on the type of metals used and the temperature difference between the hot and cold junctions.

Thermocouples utilize this principle in practical, industrial, and scientific measurements. A thermocouple consists of two wires made of different alloys joined together at one end, which forms the measuring junction. This junction contacts the surface, fluid, or gas where the temperature needs to be determined. The other ends of the wires connect to a reference junction maintained at a known temperature or electronically compensated. Because the thermoelectric voltage directly relates to the temperature difference, instruments can convert this voltage into an accurate temperature reading.

Engineers, researchers, and technicians use thermocouples across a wide range of applications. Power plants rely on them to monitor steam lines and turbine temperatures. Manufacturers use them to control furnaces, ovens, and heat treatment processes. The oil and gas industry relies on the durability of its equipment in extreme conditions. Medical devices, aerospace equipment, and food processing systems also rely on thermocouples for reliable, real-time monitoring.

The simplicity of thermocouple design makes them durable and versatile. They contain no moving parts, require no external power, and tolerate high vibration, pressure, and temperature. Different combinations of alloys, such as chromel-alumel (Type K) or copper-constantan (Type T), provide engineers with thermocouples optimized for various ranges and environments. The choice of alloy pair determines sensitivity, stability, and accuracy.

The Seebeck Effect, while nearly two centuries old as a scientific discovery, continues to drive innovation. Modern thermocouples pair the principle with digital electronics for faster response times, automated compensation, and integration with data acquisition systems. This ensures industries can maintain safety, efficiency, and product quality in demanding processes.
Understanding the Seebeck Effect provides clarity on why thermocouples remain the most widely used temperature measurement device in the world. The direct link between heat and voltage delivers both simplicity and reliability. From research laboratories to industrial plants, this principle continues to support critical operations where accurate and reliable temperature measurement is crucial.

Friday, July 25, 2025

Industrial Temperature Sensors: Craftsmanship and Quality That Stand Out

Industrial Temperature Sensors

Engineers often treat thermocouples and RTDs as line items. You specify a type, a sheath, a lead length, and possibly a head style, and then you move on. The sensor appears simple, pricing seems interchangeable, and delivery dates influence the decision. That mindset ignores where temperature measurement succeeds or fails: in the details of metallurgy, insulation purity, cold-end terminations, strain relief, calibration discipline, and the discipline to document every step. Companies like Duro-Sense Corp. prove that temperature sensors stop being commodities the moment you demand repeatability, survivability, and defensible accuracy in the real world.


What leads many engineers to consider thermocouples and RTDs as commodities?


Specifications appear standardized. A Type K thermocouple seems like a Type K thermocouple no matter who builds it. An RTD that states Class A tolerance should, in theory, land inside the same curve. Catalogs reinforce that perception with identical check boxes and pricing grids. In practice, those check boxes conceal decisions that impact drift, noise, time constant, insulation resistance, and mean time between failures. When you select the lowest-cost build, you often accept looser control of junction welds, inconsistent mineral-insulated cable compaction, sloppy transition seals, and marginal calibration practices. You don’t see the difference on the PO. You see it months later as unexplained process variability, nuisance trips, or a compressor shutdown; you cannot tie it to anything but a small, growing temperature error.


How craftsmanship transforms a simple sensor


Duro-Sense treats the hot junction, the sheath, and the lead system as a single, engineered assembly, not three parts hastily assembled. Skilled technicians weld the thermocouple junction with controlled energy to prevent embrittlement and ensure a symmetric bead geometry. They choose sheath alloys and wall thickness based on corrosion chemistry, mechanical vibration, and thermal cycling, rather than merely relying on the maximum temperature rating in a table. They compact magnesium oxide uniformly to minimize voids, raise insulation resistance, and improve response consistency from lot to lot. For RTDs, they control the strain on the platinum element, manage the lead wire routing to limit self-heating artifacts, and validate the finished probe against multiple points on the IEC 60751 curve rather than assuming a single-point check will catch everything.


Advanced engineering closes the loop between design and process reliability.


A sensor builder that invests in engineering runs finite element analyses on thermal gradients across the sheath and head. They model time constants and step responses to match control-loop tuning requirements. They design bend reliefs and potting transitions to survive the cable pulls and thermal shocks that happen during installation and maintenance. Duro-Sense also designs application-specific assemblies, including spring-loaded elements for thermowells, surface-mount configurations with defined contact pressure, and multipoint probes that profile tall reactors, so plants capture the exact temperature picture they need, not a compromise.


Quality procedures you can audit and trust


Craftsmanship without proof doesn’t help you in regulated industries or high-stakes processes. Thorough manufacturers document every calibration, weld procedure, and insulation resistance test. They serialize probes for traceability. They maintain ISO-compliant quality systems and keep auditable records that link raw materials to finished assemblies. They run burn-in, shock, and leak tests when the application demands it, and they publish the results with the shipment. That paper trail becomes your defense when someone asks why a batch drifted or a compressor tripped. More importantly, it becomes your early-warning system: you can spot drift trends, correlate them with service life, and move from reactive replacement to predictive maintenance.


The cost-of-ownership math favors better sensors.


You can purchase the most affordable thermocouple on the market and replace it every quarter, or you can select a probe specifically designed for your duty cycle and change it during a planned outage every two years. The first approach looks cheaper on day one. The second approach reduces downtime, cuts scrap, tightens control loops, and frees technicians for higher-value work. When you add the cost of poor quality—such as false alarms, wandering setpoints, extra manual sampling, and requalification runs—the commodity premium disappears. High-performing sensors become the low-cost option over the equipment's life.


Practical steps to de-commoditize your temperature measurement


You don’t need to overhaul your entire specification library in one shot. Start by identifying the loops that cause the most pain: reactors with narrow thermal windows, compressors that trip too often, furnaces that waste fuel due to sluggish or drifting feedback. Engage a manufacturer like Duro-Sense to review failure modes, sheath alloy compatibility, junction styles, and mounting hardware—request calibration data with actual numbers and uncertainty budgets. Require documented insulation resistance and step-response tests. Standardize on construction details that proved themselves in your trials. As the reliability data accumulates, expand those standards across more loops and units.


Answering the quiet objection: My process never needed that level of rigor.”


Perhaps your process has run acceptably for years with commodity sensors. Processes evolve, regulations tighten, and margins become increasingly narrow. Plants now require tighter control, faster startups, lower emissions, and predictive maintenance programs that only work when input data remains trustworthy. Temperature sits at the center of combustion efficiency, product quality, emissions reduction, and safety interlocks. You cannot transition to model-predictive control, digital twins, or reliability-centered maintenance if your primary temperature inputs are inconsistent or unreliable.


Bottom line


Thermocouples and RTDs may seem simple, but they can significantly impact the fidelity of your control strategy. Treating them as commodities usually shifts cost into downtime, scrap, and engineering hours spent chasing ghosts. Treating them as precision instruments—designed, built, and documented by a manufacturer such as Duro-Sense Corp.—returns that cost as tighter control, longer life, and defensible data. The next time you write a spec or approve a PO, ask for proof of craftsmanship, engineering, and quality. Your plant will feel the difference where it counts: in uptime, yield, and confidence in every degree you measure.